The Small Business Plan For A Cup Cake And Ice Cream Parlor

Introduction Small business can be maintained by individual or partners by investing their shares in business. The capital for small business is not very high to attain wide edges in market. As compare to medium scale and high scale business financing, small scale business has to accommodate its business operations within limited amount of capital. Owner of small business find it difficult to manage day to day operations of business and customers demand due to limited capability of the business to attain the resources for its operations. However, solid business strategy makes the company able to provide strong premises to sustain the business in the market and attain competitive edge over others. In this paper, we study the small business plan for a cup cake and ice-cream parlor and create an outline of financial plan for the new business. The paper also guerrilla marketing strategy for business and the most appropriate location will also be discussed for second store. The paper contains an outline of plan for securing debt financing sources for second store in order to attain positive outcomes. Financial plan for Small Business To open a new business need a proper research analysis of business in order to evaluate the fact that where a certain business position in an industry. Ice cream industry includes classic ice creams and frozen novelties. Frozen novelties include frozen yogurt, frozen custard, flavored ice and sorbet. To open a new story of success, it would be betterShow MoreRelatedCarvel Case4720 Words   |  19 Pages1.0 Introduction In 1934, Tom Carvel founded Carvel Corporation. It had one of the oldest and most endearing histories of all the ice cream companies in the U.S. Mr. Carvel used a combination of fresh ice cream and innovative products and manufacturing techniques to establish himself as the local, family-orientated ice cream parlor in the New York City area. 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What are the implications for how it manages its processes within the shop? (c) What would be the  advantages  and disadvantages if Pret A Manger introduced Central Kitchens that made the sandwiches for a number of shops in an area. (As far as we know, they have no plans to do so). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read MoreOperations Management5696 Words   |  23 PagesA Manger Shop together with their inputs and outputs, (b) Pret A Manger also supplies business lunches (of sandwiches and other take-away food). What are the implications for how it manages its processes within the shop? (c) What would be the  advantages  and disadvantages if Pret A Manger introduced Central Kitchens that made the sandwiches for a number of shops in an area. 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Understanding the Basics of Alzheimer - 523 Words

Alzheimer’s disease affects the world greatly, and the numbers of victims are growing. Alzheimer’s disease affects everyone affiliated with the sufferer. Alzheimer’s disease devastates the brain and its ability to function. The issue is sensitive, complicated, and is negatively impacting the world. Alzheimer’s disease may not always be fatal, but â€Å"Alzheimer’s disease has no survivors. It destroys brain cells and causes memory changes, erratic behaviors and loss of body functions. It slowly and painfully takes away a person’s identity, ability to connect with others, think, eat, talk, walk, and find his or her way home† (â€Å"What is Alzheimer’s†). This tragic disease impacts over five million people in the United States. Alzheimer’s disease touches all, and it is essential to understand the basics of Alzheimer’s. By the numbers, Alzheimer’s disease looks even worse than it may be. The cos t of Alzheimer’s overwhelms the caregiver and everyone involved with the patient. 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Attachment Behaviours Essay Example For Students

Attachment Behaviours Essay Why have psychologists stressed the importance of attachment behaviours in development?Many theorists agree that social contact early in a childs life is important for healthy personality development. This is the most important relationship of the child development period as it is from this that the child drives its confidence in the world. A break from this relationship is experienced as highly distressing and constitutes a considerable trauma (Schaffer 1964). Through frequent social and emotional exchanges with parents the infant not only defines itself, but also acquires a particular style and orientation that some researchers believe is carried over into later life (Sroufe 1978). Therefore, the relationship between an infant and its caregiver and its development is one that has generated much interest to developmental psychologists. John Bowlby (1958, 1968) put forward a comprehensive account of attachment and believed that the infant and mother instinctively trigger each others behaviour to form an attachment bond. Attachment can therefore be defined as the ability to form focused, permanent and emotionally meaningful relationships with specific others (Butterworth Harris 1994). In child psychology, attachment is often restricted to a relationship between particular social figures and to a particular phenomenon thought to reflect unique characteristics of the relationship ( Santrock Bartlett 1986). This essay will attempt to examine the role and importance of attachment behaviours in development. In Bowlbys view, there is a dyadic emotional regulation between the infant and the mother or caregiver. The infant has innate signals to elicit responses from the caregiver. Conversely, infant behaviour such as crying, cooing, smiling etc are elicited by the caregivers specific actions e.g. leaving the room or putting the infant down. Santrock and Bartlett (1986) found that the infants behaviour is directed by the primary goal of maintaining the mothers proximi ty. The baby processes information about the mothers location and changes his behaviour based on this fact. Thus?instinct or a fixed pattern is the primary force for developmental change, but is transformed through social experience. This reciprocal tie of mother and infant is a state that ensures care and protection during the most vulnerable period of development. This attachment to the mother has a clear biological survival value, explaining the significance of the mother-infant interaction within the overall framework of attachment behaviour. Sroufe (1991) supports this view, he maintains that attachment refers to a behavioural system, which is selected for its effect on the reproductive success of individuals in the environment in which they evolved. Bowlby argued that different attachment behaviours, such as crying, following etc, are functionally related, in that all may lead to the same outcome the caregiver-infant proximity (Sroufe 1991). Bowlby argues that attachment, is therefore a primary process, which is innate, and is mediated by social interchange. Here the visual channel plays an important role, i.e. through smiling and eye to eye contacts. Bowlby outlined four phases of the development of attachment as an integrated system of behaviours in infants:Phase 1:- Birth 2/3 monthsThe infant directs his attachment to human figures on an instinctual bias; all are equally likely to elicit smiling or crying because the infant is not discriminating. Phase 2:- 3-6 monthsThe infants attachment focuses on one figure, typically the primary caregiver. Phase 3:- 6-9 monthsThe intensity of attachment to the mother or caregiver increases. Due to this and newly acquired motor skills, the infant now readily seeks the proximity to the caregiver. Phase 4:- 9-12 monthsThe elements of attachment listed above become integrated into a mutual system of attachment to which both infant and mother contribute. Bowlby argued that communication between the infant and the caregiver takes the form of non verbal communication, this can be eye to eye contact, or face to face interaction. He went on to propose that the babys smile is the essential catalyst that generates the infant-caregiver interaction. The interaction goes through positive feedback on both sides until it becomes a conversation of visually perceived gestures. Wright (1991) outlines the progress of this progression of smiling in the development of attachment behaviours:Begins at birth: At first the smile is fleeting and incomplete. 4-5 weeks: The smile is now nearly complete and the trigger for the smile becomes more specific. 5-6 weeks: The smile response is now fully formed. 6-10 weeks: The mother/caregivers face evokes a more immediate and generous smile than any other does. 2-3 months: The smile response to the mothers/ caregivers and other familiars becomes more dominant; with responses to strangers becoming weaker. American Psycho College Essay Paper(ii) Group C: Resistant insecurely attached relationships: These children are more likely to seem anxious or distressed and in need of contact even when the mother is in the room. This type of infant has trouble using the mother as a secure base for exploration. Upon reunion with the mother after separation, the infant may, while seeking contact with her may actively resist her efforts to comfort them. (iii) Group A: Avoidant insecurely attached relationships: The children of this group separate readily to play, and do not particularly seek to be close to their mother when alone with her. They are also not particularly distressed when left alone with a stranger. Most significantly, on reunion with their mother they show no more than a casual greeting and may ignore, or pointedly look away from turn away from, or move away from the caregiver. They do not initiate action and are not responsive to the mothers attempts at interaction (Sroufe 1995). This situation of being left alone, and then being reunited with the caregiver can be categorised into these three categories. An explanation of this is that with prolonged separation, the emotional upheaval is so great that the infants behavioural structure is disorganised, and cannot be put back together immediately. In clinical terms, one could speak of the infant as at first defending against the possibility of renewed pain and vulnerability by not acknowledging the presence of the caregiver. (Sroufe 1995) All in all the different patterns of attachment have complex causes. They are thought to develop as a response to different styles of mothering and as a consequence of the temperamental characteristics of the child. However, the classification may vary from culture to culture and the same baby may show different patterns depending on whether parents or siblings accompany the baby in the test. The practical importance of attachment research can be seen in the areas of hospitalisation, and re homing orphaned or foster children. The knowledge gained from these tests should help policy makers deal with these issues with sensitivity. Hospitalisation of infants in particular has benefited from this research in that caregivers are now allowed to stay in hospital with their babies or young children. The area of day care facilities have also been benefited by this research, as it suggests that a brief separation does not disrupt the healthy attachment bond as it was previously thought to do. However, if there is already stress in the home environment, the separation and insecure attachment may have adverse consequences. Longer term consequences of disrupted attachment are more difficult to establish; but is thought to be reversible, as children brought up in orphanages become securely attached to their adoptive parents even as late as 8 years old ( Tizard and Hodges 1978 cited in Butterworth Harris 1994). In conclusion, Bowlbys ideas and research provided a comprehensive basis for present day approaches to attachment. Research implies that there are, therefore three main characteristics of attachment behaviours: Firstly, the infant seeks the closeness and proximity of the caregiver. Secondly, that the infant shows distress at separation from the attachment figure and then relief upon reunion, i.e., displays a clear preference even without physical contact by eye contact or attentiveness to the sound of the caregivers voice. Thirdly, that the infant uses the attachment figure as a secure base from which to explore its physical and social environment (Brodzinsky, Gormly and Ambron 1979). The importance of attachment in the development of an infant cannot be underestimated, as it is from this bond that the infant finds comfort security and a base from which to explore his/her environment safely. Attachment behaviours can be seen as the manifestation of this ne ed that the infant has, as research suggests that a break from a meaningful, emotionally charged lasting relationship will produce highly distressing consequences. Reference:Ainsworth, M., Blehar, M.C., Waters,E. and Wall,S. (1978) Patterns of Attachment, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Bowlby, J (1969) Attachment and Loss, Vol1 Harmondsworth: Pelican Books. Brodzinsky, D.M., Gormly, A.V., Ambron, S.A., (1979) Lifespan Human Development, (3rd Ed.) 123-133, New York:Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Butterworth, G., Harris, M., (1994) Principles of Developmental Psychology, Chap. 6, Hove: LEA. Cardwell, M., Clark, L., Meldrum, c., (1996) Psychology for Alevel, London: HarperCollins. Santrock, J.W., Bartlett, J.C. (1986) Developmental Psychology: A life-cycle Perspective. 294-299, Iowa: Wm.C.Brown. Schaffer, H.R.,(1998) Making Decisions about Children, (2nd Ed.) 20-29, Blackwell. Sroufe, L. Alan, (1995) Emotional Development, The organization of emotional life in the early years. Chap.10, Cambridge:CUP. Wright, K. (1991) Vision and Separation: Between mother and baby, 8-11, London:FAB. Psychology

A Closer Look At High Risk Youth Essay Example For Students

A Closer Look At High Risk Youth Essay It is important not to overreact to isolated incidents. Young people will have problems and will learn, at their own rate, to struggle and deal with them. But it is critical for parents and helping adults to be aware of the factors that put a youth at particular risk, especially when stressful events begin to accumulate for these vulnerable individuals. A good starting point for identifying and intervening with highly troubled and depressed young people is the careful study of suicidal adolescents. Family history and biology can create a predisposition for dealing poorly with stress. These factors make a person susceptible to depression and self-destructive behavior. ? History of depression and/or suicide in the family? Alcoholism or drug use in the family? Sexual or physical abuse patterns in the family? Chronic illness in oneself or family? Family or individual history of psychiatric disorders such as eating disorders, schizophrenia, manic-depressive disorder, conduct disorders, delinquency? Death or serious loss in the family? Learning disabilities or mental/physical disabilities? Absent or divorced parents; inadequate bonding in adoptive families? Family conflict; poor parent/child relationshipsPersonality traits, especially when they change dramatically, can signal serious trouble. These traits include:? Impulsive behaviors, obsessions and unreal fears? Aggressive and antisocial behavior? Withdrawal and isolation; detachment? Poor social skills resulting in feelings of humiliation, poor self-worth, blame and feeling ugly? Over-achieving and extreme pressure to perform? Problems with sleeping and/or eatingPsychological and social events contr ibute to the accumulation of problems and stressors. ? Loss experience such as a death or suicide of a friend or family member; broken romance, loss of a close friendship or a family move? Unmet personal or parental expectation such as failure to achieve a goal, poor grades, social rejection? Unresolved conflict with family members, peers, teachers, coaches that results in anger, frustration, rejection? Humiliating experience resulting in loss of self-esteem or rejection? Unexpected events such as pregnancy or financial problemsPredispositions, stressors and behaviors weave together to form a composite picture of a youth at high risk for depression and self-destructive behavior. Symptoms such as personal drug and alcohol use, running away from home, prolonged sadness and crying, unusual impulsivity or recklessness or dramatic changes in personal habits are intertwined with the family and personal history, the individual personality and the emotional/social events taking place in a persons life. It is not always easy for one person to see the whole picture. Thats why it is essential that people who have hunches that something is wrong take the lead to gather perspectives from other friends, family members and professionals who know the young person. It is all too often true that the survivors of an adolescent suicide only put the pieces together after the fact, when they sit together and try to figure out what happened. How fortunate a troubled young person is to have a caring adult take the initiative to look more closely before something serious happens!The University of Minnesota Extension Service has two additional publications that can be helpful:? Supporting Distressed Young People (FS-2786), by Ron Pitzer? Helping Friends in Trouble (FS-2787), by Joyce WalkerSeveral common themes run through these two. First, young people must learn and practice coping skills to get them through an immediate conflict or problem. Coping strategies must emphasize self-responsibility to find positive, non-destructive ways to find relief. Second, communication skills are important. This involves being able to talk and selecting a good listener. It is important to express feelings, vent emotions, and talk about the problems and issues. Peers are good sympathizers, but it often takes an adult perspective to begin to plan how to make changes for the better. Third, young people need help to learn problem-solving skills. Sorting out the issues, setting goals and making plans to move forward are skills that can be taught and practiced. .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .postImageUrl , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:hover , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:visited , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:active { border:0!important; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:active , .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2 .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6eacb9c339f17e7abeba2c3764dc2fb2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Spelucian explorers EssayUltimately, most young people will develop and assume the responsibility for their own protection and peace of mind. But during the years of learning and practice, parents, teachers and helping adults need to be aware of the signs and patterns that signal danger. Awareness of adolescent stress and depression opens the door for adults to begin constructive interventions and stimulate emotional development.

Jack Roosevelt Robinson free essay sample

From at a young age Jackie was very into sports and due to this fact he was very upset with he and his family moving. This move however did not inhibit his ambition to be an athlete though. He played baseball, basketball, football, and ran track while attending the University of California in Los Angels. He was one of the top players on the football team as well as the only athlete to letter in four different sports. Unfortunately Jackie left college before getting a chance to graduate due to financial problems but not before meeting his future wife Rachel.After his departure from UCLA he began working for the National Youth Administration at a work camp but it soon closed down and in 1941 he joined the Honolulu Bears, a professional football team in Honolulu Hawaii. He was then drafted into the U. S. Army where he was refused admission to the Officer Candidate School. We will write a custom essay sample on Jack Roosevelt Robinson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He fought this until he was finally accepted and graduated as a first lieutenant. He was in the Army from 1941 until 1944 and was stationed in Kansas and Fort Hood, Texas.During the time he was stationed in Kansas he worked with a boxer named Joe Louis so that he could eight against unfair treatment towards African-Americans in the military and when training in Fort Hood, Texas he refused to go to the back of the public bus and was court-martial for insubordination. Due to this he never made it to Europe with his unit and in 1944 he received an honorable discharge. After he left the Army he joined the Kansas City Monarchs, an all African American baseball team inside of the Negro League.Due to low pay and constant traveling he decided he did not want to make baseball a career even though he was one of the top players. Until 1947 only white players were allowed in Major League Baseball but in 1945 Clyde Superhero who was a scout for Branch Rickety who was the Brooklyn Dodgers club president had been looking for an African-American player and was watching Jackie fo r a while. Rickety signed Jackie to play for the Dodgers minor league team named the Montreal Royals. Jackie was emotionally tired but he enjoyed and appreciated all the support from the fans in this Canadian city because it was so different from the verbal abuse he had before experienced. Jackie Robinson was 27 years Old with an extremely bad temper when he finally Egan playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. Rickety went to Jackie with an agreement. He simply asked him to try to control his temper for the first few years and he even called him bad names in which he knew would be yelled Jackasss way in order for him understand the kind of abuse he would be facing.With that, Jackie Robinson agreed and this was the beginning of a very big change in baseball history. The movie 42 begins in 1946. Jackie played his first game on April 15, 1 947 playing first base. He played first base for his entire rookie year but most of his career was spent playing second base. There were many games where he also played third base and outfield. Jackie so far had kept his agreement with Rickety until during a game the umpire said to him, go back to the jungle you little Niger! When this caused him to punch the umpire in the face. After this incident many of the Dodger players felt uncomfortable playing with Jackie and told Dodger management that they would rather strike then play with a black man like Jackie. This madness ended once management told the players that if they truly felt that way they were more than welcome to look for jobs elsewhere. Jackie became close friends with fellow teammate Pee Wee Reese. In a game with Cincinnati the players started yelling things to Jackie and then to Pee Wee. Pee Wee heard one of the players yell, How can you play with this Niger? so Pee Wee walked over to Jackie who was standing at first base, smiled and put his arm around him. The two then became known as a defensive team but of course the harassment did not stop there. Both players and fans continued to verbally harass him. Some pitchers threw balls at him Sometimes even at his head. Base runners attempted to cut him with their elate. One team in particular; the Philadelphia Phillips were extremely abusive with the support of their manager who was Ben Chapman.When the Dodgers played the Phillips on April 22nd the Phillips players continuously yelled at Jackie making upsetting remarks at him. It was not long after that Baseball Commissioner A. B. Happy Chandler admonished the Phillips and asked Jackie to pose for a picture with Chapman. He thought it would make good publicity. Although neither Jackie nor Chapman refused it was something neither of the two truly wanted to do. Jackie made the Major League Baseball minimum salary of 55,000 his rookie year. It is to be said that he played 151 games hit . 97, was the league leader of stolen bases with a total of 29 and nine times stealing home base. He was awarded Rookie of the Year and in 1 949 was awarded by the National League as Most Valuable Player and batting leader with a . 342. In 1955 Jackie was on the downside of his career but it was during his prime that he had finally became respected as a player. He had led the Dodgers to their first World Series in 1 947 with 5 following short after. His Major League career was very short considering he entered the Major League at age 27.This was difficult because as he aged he became easily injured. After the 1 956 season, Jackie was sold to the New York Giants which not long after became the Los Angels Giants. Unfortunately Jackie felt that it was time for him to retire so on January 5 1 957 at the age of 37 he did. He wanted to either manage or coach a team but he didnt receive any offers so instead he became a businessman and the Vice- President of the Chock Full Of Nuts Corporation. In the 1960 election he undistributed to the presidential campaign for Herbert Humphrey.

cutie essays

cutie essays (on the phone)*On a bed I dont know what to do! Seriously nobody understands! No matter how much they want to they just criticize me and if they knew what was really going on instead of just assuming that what was heard and passed around was true and if they knew why I was the way I was they still wouldnt get it...NO! You dont get it either! Dont sit here and try to talk me out of this because Ive been talked to I know the consequences and I know the aftermath. Nothing you can say can make me change...nothing anyone says can make me change how I feel! (Throw the phone) Ugh nobody gets it. (Kneel down in center stage) *Dear God, I hope u can talk for a little bit, youre the only one who will sit here and listen and not talk back in any negative way. You see when you have the problem I do you dont care what people say about you, you still feel the way you have your mind set to. I dont know how much longer I can take this though. If anyone at school knew about this for sure...instead of just assuming that every time I run to the bathroom after a meal is to barf, theyd think I was stupid. But you know what! I dont think Im dumb at all. I know this is wrong. I know this is bad for you. But honestly, anything is better than being fat. Anything is better than thinking youre fat! Even though those trying to help me say the difference doesnt show on the outside, the difference shows inside of me. I cant help but feel...guilty when I eat 8, wear a size 0, and weigh no more than 120! My friends, my best friends, are both skinny. *My friends say Im not fat. They think Im crazy. Yet on spring break...Hay told me my hips were huge! She covered it up by saying its a good thing...ha not really. All I want is to have the perfect body, the body guys want. Bulimia has become my obsession. A...

Strategic decision making mechanisms available to deal with airport Essay

Strategic decision making mechanisms available to deal with airport development at the national and local levels - Essay Example It seems that in the area of strategic planning, the British airline industry needs several alterations and improvements in order to meet the challenges set within the global market. The delays in the application of the relevant projects as described above could affect the performance of the industry towards its competitors and for this reason appropriate plans of action should be designed in order to support the improvement of the particular industry in the long term. Current paper refers to the strategic decision making options/ methods that can be used in the airport development in Britain. Towards this direction, general principles and schemes of strategic decision making procedure will be presented while the current trends that characterize airport development in Britain are also going to be analyzed. On the other hand, a comparison with the conditions that apply in the relevant sector of Ireland has been considered to be necessary in order to understand the elements of airport development and their role within different markets. In this way, any possible differentiation among the British and the Irish market regarding the airport development will be revealed offering valuable information on the formulation and application of strategic decision making mechanisms in both the above countries. The main aspects of the airport development in Britain are presented in the White Paper â€Å"The Future of Air Transport† which published by the British government in December 2003. In accordance with this paper, current efforts in UK regarding the airport development in the various regions across the country focus on the following issues: ‘a) A new runway at Stansted, to be operational by 2011/12; b) A third runway at Heathrow, as long as legal air quality limits are not breached. If this is not possible, Gatwick will have the runway instead, to be operational by 2020; c) A new runway in Birmingham; d) Also, existing airports

Operational IT services Case Study Research Paper

Operational IT services Case Study - Research Paper Example The organization chart is given in Appendix 1. .The important business activities include Sales, Pricing, Marketing, Booking, Reservations, Tour Packaging, Collection, Payment, Invoicing and Billing. People they mostly deal with are Clients, Suppliers, and Tour Agents. They also use MYOB Accounts Package to keep their daily accounts and intend to interlink it with the new Travel and Booking System TABS. Figure 1 depicts the department, people and software currently used by the Red Sky Company Wilson Consulting Services (WCS) is the company who is developing Travel and Booking System (TABS) for Red Sky Travel. They have all the necessary technical and servicing staff for developing and deploying the TABS. The technical staff of Wilson Consulting Services includes Project Managers, Analysts, Programmers, Testers, Technical Writers, Service Desk Manager, and Service staff. Red Sky Travel staff that is going to use the software will be oriented by the Wilson Consulting Services. A deal is also made for accessing VMware Service Manager 9 range of software which will provide support for any ITIL process that is implemented. A fee will be charged for support of ITIL process. The system is expected to become live in 12 weeks time and it is expected to automate important data of travel business and its interfacing and linking with other application program such as MYOB Account Right Premier Package and VMware Service Manager 9 range of software. The services in information technology are managed through a set of processes called ITSM which stands for Information Technology Service Management. Figure 2 depicts complete flow of services in ITSM Methodology. (ITSM Consulting Services)[1] ITSM methodology starts with the customers or business end-users who give their needs or requirements such as business strategy, service planning, organization planning and Technology planning through the Requirement Definition Process. Once the requirements are defined

Global governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global governance - Essay Example As such, global governance is understood to be a process that yields guidelines and treaties through consensus. These agreements and regulations in turn influence the operation of each country in the global perspective. No single definition of global governance has escaped criticism. In the same dimension, there has never been a common understanding of the meaning of the term global governance, with different scholars trying to find their won suitable definitions, which have only proved controversial.3 Global governance is an unstructured term with numerous interpretations. However, all users of the term global governance conform to the idea of absence of global anarchy.4 The concept of sovereignty is that every nation can make decisions and act autonomously without interference of other nations. On the other hand, global governance demands that each country should make decisions and act in such a manner that does not violate global regulations and agreements. Therefore, global governance, in as much as it appears to challenge national sovereignty, does more on the reinforcement and balancing relationship between national governments than it challenges the concept of sovereignty. Pattberg, Philipp. Global Governance: Reconstructing a Contested Social Science Concept, GARNET Working Paper: No 04/06, Accessed on November 9, 2014

Signs That My Site Hacked Information Technology Essay

Signs That My Site Hacked Information Technology Essay Assume you are the owner of an e-commerce web site. What are some of the signs that your site has been hacked. Discuss the major type of attacks you could expect and resulting damage on your site. Prepare a brief report based on your findings. You are required to propose web site development to one of the IT entrepreneurs in your area. Consider there are two opinions for building the site in-house with existing staff, out sourcing the entire operation. Discuss which options are in the companys best interest and the reason for choosing that opinion. Provide pros and cons for each option. Prepare a report based on your findings. Introduction to Question (1) Hacking used to be defined as One who is proficient at using or programming a computer; a computer buff. However, this use has been turned around now, to mean that of a cracker One who uses programming skills to gain illegal access to a computer network or file. This information is about this second meaning, cracking. Before we begin I would like to point out that hackers HATE crackers, crackers have given them a bad name. The main differences between the two are that hackers try to make things, crackers try to break things. Hackers made the Internet what it is today. Hackers program websites (among other things) and they do not try and harm the work of others as is thought in todays society. However, as the word hacker is now in such popular use that it is thought it means cracker I will use the words hacking and cracking for describing these cracking methods. Define question (1) Hacking is not a simple operation or sequence of commands as many people think. Hacking is a skill. To hack you must change and adapt your approach depending on the obstacles you come across. Hacking is not a specific term; there are many types of hacking. Answer for Question (1) Some of the signs that my site has been hacked: One of the goals for a hacker is to hack a website without alerting the website owner. Months go by, and a website owner hosts a hacked website without knowing the site has been compromised. The website owner may notice some strange occurrences, but here are some hacked signs that alert the owner of a compromised website. Websites that are hacked can spread malware, and the hacker sometimes steals your customers information. The Eval Base64_decode Function at the Bottom of Your Code The Eval function is used to hide code in PHP blogs such as Blogger and WordPress. The base64_decode decodes encoded text that you are unable to read when you view your website code files. The hacker places a redirection code using eval and base64_decode at the bottom of your PHP file, so you are unable to read the hacked code and dont notice the redirection to the hackers web page. If you did not put the functions on your page, then your blog or website has probably been hacked. Drop in Google Search Engine Results Rank If my site is hacked with a redirection to an online pharmacy, the Google algorithm detects a problem and lowers your search engine rank. If you check your rank often, you notice a drop in rank. You can drop several pages and even hundreds of pages in the search engine results. A Red Warning Alert in Google Chrome or Firefox When Google detects a hacked website, Firefox and Chrome use the Google API to show a warning message to users. Instead of seeing your website, the web browser shows a red screen alerting the reader to a hacked website address. Users can hit the back button or proceed to my site. In most cases, the user prefers to click the back button to avoid infecting the computer. The best way to detect a hacked website is enter your domain name into Chrome or Firefox and see if the red warning screen shows. Google Indexes Your Site with Pharmacy Text If your site has been hacked and redirects to a pharmacy, search your domain name with pharmacy text such as Viagra, pharmacy, or meds. Pornographic search phrases are also used to check if your site has been hacked and redirect to adult websites. This type of check gives you a heads up, and lets you know the hackers code is somewhere in your website code. Check the .htaccess File on Your Host Server The .htaccess file is a part of an Apache server host. One web hack is placing a redirect code in the .htaccess file. Open the .htaccess file located on the root of your web host directory. Read through the file and locate any odd website addresses. If you have a website address that is not yours in the .htaccess file, your file has been hacked. These tips help you identify a hacked website. After I fix the hack, I must identify where my site vulnerability is is located. If I do not identify the security hole, you are susceptible to hacks after you go through the trouble of fixing hacked code. The type of attacks I could expect and the damages Password cracking In most of the cases, user passwords are encrypted to protect the privacy of passwords and maintain security of the system. Password cracking is the process of decrypting encrypted passwords. A program that performs cracking is known as password cracker. Some crackers are also capable of disabling password protection system and may cause free access to anyone and the owner will be losing a lot of information in his web site. Ip spoofing IP spoofing is used to commit criminal activity online and to breach network security. Hackers use IP spoofing so they do not get caught spamming and to perpetrate denial of service attacks. These are attacks that involve massive amounts of information being sent to computers over a network in an effort to crash the entire network. The hacker does not get caught because the origin of the messages cannot be determined due to the bogus IP address. IP spoofing is also used by hackers to breach network security measures by using a bogus IP address that mirrors one of the addresses on the network. This eliminates the need for the hacker to provide a user name and password to log onto the network. Hijacking an Authorized Session With the ability to generate the correct sequence numbers, an attacker can take over an authorized session by simply taking over one of the parties to the session. Having inserted himself in the session, the attacker will simply tell the party taken over that the session has ended, while connecting to the other half of the legitimate session and continuing communication, but this time, according to the attackers dictate. Haven taken over a trusted communication channel, the attacker can then probe the network for vulnerabilities. Sequesnce Guessing Every connection between two hosts using TCP contain sequence numbers for both data and acknowledgement. These numbers, used by the TCP protocol to determine out-of-order and lost packets, is one of the facilities of the connection-oriented TCP design, to ensure reliable delivery to the application layer. The sequence numbers are generated pseudo-randomly and an attacker might send spoofed packets to a victim to determine the algorithm generating the sequence numbers, and then use that knowledge to intercept an existing session. RIP Attacks Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Routing attacks is often seen in routers which implemented the original RIP. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is used to distribute routing information within networks, such as shortest-paths, and advertising routes out from the local network. The original version of RIP has no built in authentication, and the information provided in a RIP packet is often used without verifying it. An attacker could forge a RIP packet, claiming his host X has the fastest path out of the network. All packets sent out from that network would then be routed through X, where they could be modified or examined. An attacker could also use RIP to effectively impersonate any host, by causing all traffic sent to that host to be sent to the attackers machine instead. Buffer Overflows A Buffer Overflow is a flaw that occurs when more data is written to a block of memory, or buffer, than the buffer is allocated to hold. Exploiting a buffer overflow allows an attacker to modify portions of the target process address space. This ability can be used for a number of purposes, including the following: Control the process execution Crash the process Modify internal variables   The attackers goal is almost always to control the target process execution. This is accomplished by identifying a function pointer in memory that can be modified, directly or indirectly, using the overflow. When such a pointer is used by the program to direct program execution through a jump or call instruction, the attacker-supplied instruction location will be used, thereby allowing the attacker to control the process.  In many cases, the function pointer is modified to reference a location where the attacker has placed assembled machine-specific instructions. These instructions are commonly referred to as shellcode, in reference to the fact that attackers often wish to spawn a command-line environment, or shell, in the context of the running process . Conclusion If I cannot connect to my web site or log in to your control panel, I have to contact your web hosting company. The hacker attack has changed your password and I need to get a new one. The hacker might have also changed your email address associated with my account at the web hosting company but this is unlikely because the password and the email information are generally segregated. Anyway, depending on the company policies, a web hosting firm would either send you a new password over email OR revert with what they need to send you a new password (because they need to verify that the new password request is legitimate). In some cases, I might need to send a fax because the hackers have messed up your email too. Introduction to Question (2) Nowadays, it seems like everyone is saying, I want to site. If you want to build a web site and you know what you want, dont know what you want, trying to learn about it then we have information for you. If you already own a website or a webmaster looking for the best and latest information on successful website development, then we have the website builder for you. Also on this site we have articles and free eBooks on every aspect of website development, including internet marketing, home based businesses and affiliate marketing. Define question (2) There are many different routes a web site owner can go for getting all of the content done for his online business. The two directions he could take, whether its hiring in-house or outsourcing to a content creation company, allow for many different options and different ways to get your content project done. The route you take can have effect on a number of things, like quality of the content, your expenses, and the time it will take to get everything done. Since the content will probably be the most important part of your web site, you will want to take all things into consideration before making your final decision. Answer to Question (2) IN-HOUSE WITH EXISTING STAFF Hiring in-house definitely has its own advantages. This is because anytime you have a valuable resource like a team of writers in the Internet industry you are able to accomplish many different things because there are so many ways that you can use content on the Internet (it doesnt always just have to be on-site content). It all really depends on your own companys content needs however. You will be able to train writers and mold their styles to the way you want your content to be written. ADVANTAGES: Gives you Control If design services are part of your business, then keeping it under your control allows you to provide the best services for your customers. This means that if your business sells design services, or depends on a strong, dynamic online presence for the bulk of its revenue, an in-house design team is essential. You dont want to rely on a contractor over whom you do not have complete control to make or break your business. Communicate Better and Save Time Interacting with outsourced talent can be challenging, especially if your contractor is . People under your purview are easier to find and easier to direct, so when you need something done, you can explain it to them in person. Save (lots of) Money You will find that you will save money in the long run by using in-house talent. Even though you will have to make the investment in payroll and infrastructure, over time you get better results and spend less money than you would by hiring an outside firm. In-house design also benefits from the standpoint of project cost. Contractors often will pocket some or all of the difference if they finish a project below cost. If your In-house team completes the project at less cost, that cost savings shows up in your bottom line. DISADVANTAGES Maintenance contract with an external agency Although probably the most expensive approach, maintenance contract with an external agency does provide the best level of service. If the agency provide the right kind of service this can be very much like working with an outsource team. The agency will really get to understand the business, evolve your website on a regular basis and still provide all of the benefits of an external agency. Part time contractors For smaller organizations that cannot afford fulltime in-house staff but who wish to enjoy the benefits that come with that approach, there is the option to take on a part-time contractor. These individuals will probably have 2 or 3 websites they manage on a regular basis but still will be able to work more closely with you than an external agency. Ad-hoc specialists For larger organisations it may sometimes be appropriate to bring in specialists to compliment an existing in-house team. For example specialists in accessibility, usability or design can often work well alongside an in-house team primarily made up of coders. Outsourcing Outsourcing is contracting out the management and development of a process or production to external sources. Many online businesses have found it desirable to outsource their website. While some businesses lack the in-house expertise, others find the logistics of managing the website distracts their attention from their core competencies and some other find it to be cost-effective. In the present scenario of IT, all organizations whether big or small, depend on outsourcing to stay competitive. This is quite advantageous as a wide range of options is available, in the form of experienced reliable companies offering their services. Outsourcing helps a company to focus on its core business more efficiently. Outsourcing Advantages: You can be assured that if you go this route you are leaving all of your content needs in the hands of very well experienced and trained writers writers that have written for the Internet for a long period of time. There will more than likely be a whole team of editors, project managers, and writers and they will have a their system down pat already and will be ready to take on whatever kind of volume you need to push. You will have a faster turnaround time, and therefore you will be able to scale up quite easily. Outsourcing your content will also save you a lot of time and money. Hiring and training in-house writers takes a lot of time and can also be quite expensive. Outsourcing your content to a company usually means you will spend less money because they usually charge less and you wont have to spend money building up your own resources . Disadvantages: One of the major disadvantages is the differences in writing style that you may see. Outsourcing your content means outsourcing to a number of different writers, all of which have their own unique writing style. Since they have already been trained to write a certain way for the Internet, you will have to make sure that the writers will be able to fulfill your standards in terms of style and SEO needs. For example some people may want a double space after each period and some people like the single space approach. It seems like a small problem, but little problems like that can cause a lot of trouble if not worked out before the project gets started. This problem really escalates if you are outsourcing your content to many different freelancers. Language or cultural differences: Struggling to understand your tech support specialist can make a frustrating situation even worse. Unfortunately, many small businesses choose offshore outsourcing as their least-expensive option, while not considering the time and aggravation spent on communication issues. This can be mitigated either by carefully interviewing various offshore firms and giving them a test drive, or by hiring a local firm. The latter may also allow you to have the specialist on-site, which is highly recommended for handling most IT support needs. Not part of the team: Because outsourced IT specialists are there only when scheduled or when you need them to fix a problem, youll spend time bringing them up to speed when issues do arise or when you want them to provide advice on future technology initiatives. Again, there is a solution: Get an outsourced firm involved in your IT needs on an ongoing basis via managed services. Companies best interest The best for my company would be outsourcing because its gives us a saver web-hosting and trusted from virus. Although its not cheap but it would be easy for us because its been maintain and updated always. This could increase our web viewers and customers too. Conclusion Once you have a team of writers, you will always have to find a way to keep them busy or else you will risk losing them. If you dont have the ability to keep a team of writers busy for a substantial amount of time, then hiring in-house writers would prove to be a big waste of time. Your turnaround time will also not be as fast, and you will spend more time dealing with your writers time that probably could have better been spent elsewhere. A good route to go (a route that many companies take) is to hire a few in-house writers as well as outsource content needs that make sense to outsource. The Internet business calls for unique situations and needs, and the route you go with your content creation should definitely be based on these specific needs. One thing to be aware of is that some information technology consultants that you outsource to, will in turn outsource services to their own partners. Look for companies that take final responsibility for your system, no matter whether the y or a partner provided a particular service. This will help make things simpler for your organization, especially at times of stress and concern when you most need things to be easy.

Freedom in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huckleberry Finn – Freedom Freedom is not a reward or a decoration that is celebrated with champagne...Oh no! It's a...long distance race, quite solitary and very exhausting." -Albert Camus. The dictionary defines freedom as the condition of being free from restraints. Freedom is not just a word one can say without meaning. It is a privilege, a privilege not everyone is granted. Freedom gives the liberty to choose what should is done and how. Freedom is the capacity to exercise choice and free will. In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the narrator, Huck, seeks freedom from society. Huck, a thirteen year-old boy, lives with Widow Douglass and her sister Miss Watson. He lives with them because before this he had no home, only a drunken father, whom he rarely sees. Both of the ladies attempt to civilize Huck by sending him to school and teaching him good manners. "Pretty soon I wanted to smoke, and asked the widow to let me. But she wouldn't. She said it was a mean practice and wasn't clean, and I must try to not do it any more" In this passage from chapter one you can see that Huck enjoyed doing what he pleased when he choose. "I liked the old ways best, but I was getting so I liked the new ones, too, a little bit." This passage is from chapter four of the book spoken by Huck. In it one can see that although Huck begins to like the civilized ways he still has a craving for his old ways, which seem u ncivilized to all. Freedom is not only having a choice but also having no restraints. The characters of the Duke and the Daphne, who were really two criminals running away, have an advantage of no restraints being given. In chapter 19 of the book, the two men introduce themselves to Huck and Jim. When they do this, they do not introduce themselves with their true identity. Because there were no restrictions, they could not only befriend Jim and Huck but also trick them. "He told them he was a pirate-been a pirate for thirty years out in the Indian Ocean-and his crew was thinned out considerable last spring in a fight, and he was home now to take out some fresh men, and thanks goodness he'd been robbed last night.

Beowulf and the Tempest-Revenge

Revenge Many comparisons can be seen between Shakespeare’s novel The Tempest and the epic Beowulf. One of the strongest similarities is the idea of revenge. Shakespeare’s novel occurs basically in order for Prospero to have revenge on his enemies from usurping his dukedom. Beowulf’s original monster, Grendel, starts acting out less due to revenge and more out of pure frustration. His death though, causes his mother to act on revenge, killing one of Hrothgar’s trusted advisor, Aeschere, causing Beowulf to kill her for revenge. The dragon got mad about a stolen article and burned down Beowulf’s home in revenge, and so Beowulf went after him.Although they have different motives, both plots are caused greatly because of revenge. In The Tempest, Prospero’s brother, Antonio, with the help of his friends Sebastian and Alonso, took over Prospero’s dukedom. He was then sent to a deserted island with just his daughter Miranda for twelve years. T hroughout his time on the island, Prospero continued to delve into his magic books. Along with he gaining new knowledge, he attained a servant Caliban, and an indebted spirit, Ariel. For twelve long years on the empty land Prospero plotted his revenge, something that was made possible due to his newfound knowledge of magic.Finally the day came when his master plan was able to finally become reality. He made a huge storm come, tearing apart the boat that held Antonio, Sebastian, Alonso, his son Ferdinand, and a few others. Ferdinand got separated from the rest and wound up, not coincidently, finding Miranda and falling in love with her. Alonso became distraught thinking his beloved son was dead. Antonio and Sebastian began to plot the death of Alonso. Finally as the novel came to an end, Prospero sent Ariel as a harpy to frighten his brother and the two other men and tell them all they have done wrong. They then were brought to Prospero.Alonso became very apologetic, while Antonio an d Sebastian remained uncaring of what they had done. Their fate rested in Prospero’s hands. This was the plan Prospero had perfected all those years, the perfect revenge plot. At that moment he had all his enemies gathered around him. He could’ve killed them or banished them to a foreign land, but he did not. He said, â€Å"The rarer action is in virtue than in vengeance. They being penitent, the sole drift of my purpose doth extend not a frown further. Go release them, Ariel. My charms I’ll break, their senses I’ll restore, and they shall be themselves. (The Tempest, Act 5, Scene 1, 28-33) He had gotten his revenge, they were sorry, and he was content. Beowulf, though, did not start out like this. The monster Grendel was a descendant of Cain. He was forced to roam the Earth an outcast due to his ancestor killing his brother Abel for no apparent reason. He heard celebration going on in Heorot and got mad. He hated happiness and noise and celebration beca use he hated the hand he was dealt in life. So as revenge for his own hated life, he decided to wreck the party and make others miserable like himself.He continued to do so for a while, scaring all the Danes, even the most powerful. Finally a brave warrior, Beowulf, came from Geatland. He went to fight with Grendel using no protective gear at all. He managed to kill the ravaging beast. The Danes thought this was finally the end of the disaster that they had been hoping for. But it was not. Grendel’s mother was furious with Beowulf for killing her son. She was willing to die in order to avenge her son’s murder. She started to attack everyone. On her rampage in Heorot, she killed Aeschere, King Hrothgar’s most trusted advisor.The entire kingdom was furious, demanding the death of this horrible monster. Beowulf states to the king â€Å"Sorrow not, wise warrior. It is better for a man to avenge his friend than much mourn. Each of us must await his end of the worldà ¢â‚¬â„¢s life. Let him who may get glory before death: that is best for the warrior after he has gone from life† (Beowulf 45). He is saying rather than mourning over Aeschere’s death, he should just avenge it. So the brave Beowulf once again came to the rescue. She lived under water so that was where he fought her and the place where she met her bitter end. Beowulf’s final battle was also due to revenge.The dragon had a valuable cup that had gone missing from the treasures. He was furious and ransacked the entire country, including burning down Beowulf’s house. Therefore Beowulf went after the dragon to avenge his lost home. This was his final battle, the fight where he lost his life. Although revenge is a major theme in both The Tempest and Beowulf, their reasons for revenge are very different. Prospero wants revenge in order to get his life back. He was thrown out of his dukedom and onto a deserted island. He wanted his enemies to feel remorse and to gai n back his dukedom and that was all.In Beowulf it was very different. Everyone wanted revenge because they were upset and wanted to hurt the nemesis. Grendel was upset with his lineage so he wanted to stop all happiness so he attacked Heorot. Grendel’s mother wanted to avenge her son’s murder so she too destroyed Heorot, including killing Aeschere. Beowulf and all the Danes wanted to avenge Aeschere’s murder so he killed Grendel’s mother. The dragon wanted his treasure back so he raided the country, and Beowulf got angry and attacked the dragon. Prospero just wanted remorse and he was happy. The characters in Beowulf wanted revenge and payback.

Power

In this world there is a little known thing called power. Power is what gave the United States and the Soviet Union the right to dominate wars. During the Cold War the U.S. and the Soviet Union had a race to make the most powerful bomb in the world, them hydrogen bomb. This lead to the creation of the atom bomb, which put a stop to World War II. Both of the countries had many scientist, nuclear physicist, and chemist on the job. The main brain of this leadership to make the bomb in the Soviet Union was a man named Andrey Dmitryevich Sakharov. He was a nuclear physicist and is considered the father of the Soviet Unions hydrogen bomb. Even though Sakharov first invented a viable hydrogen bomb, a man named Edward Teller came up with the first product called the hydrogen bomb, which was tested and used in 1952. With all of this power now in the air, the impact of the bombs consequences is very deadly. The hydrogen bomb came in four different sizes: the Tritium bomb, the De! uterium bomb, the Booster bomb, and the Fission-Fusion-Fission bomb. The pressure to develop the hydrogen bomb increased in the United States after the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb in August 1949. The Atomic bomb is what lead up to this entire power race with other countries. Robert J. Oppenheimer, led an American team during World War II to produce the Atomic bomb. The Atomic bomb is an explosive device that depends upon the release of energy in a nuclear reaction known as fission, which is the splitting of atomic nuclei (Grolier 1). It was the first race between the USSR and the U.S. in which we won. We came up with the first product over the Soviet Union in 1945. Edward Teller (1908- ) was a Hungarian-American physicist known for his work on the hydrogen bomb. Teller was born in Budapest and educated in Germany at the Institute of Technology in Karisruhe and the universities of Munich and Leipzig. In 1941, he became...

uni life Essay

uni life Essay uni life Essay I’ve always had an interest in becoming a teacher because, i love working with children and within a child care setting. During primary school i was inspired by a teacher who always use to support me therefore, she had become my role model and i always us to look up to her and wanted to become a teacher myself. I have previous experience working alongside children from the ages of 0-11 years, i have worked within a nursery setting and also in a primary school. Working with children shows me they are able to achieve all their developments if they are making good progress throughout the year. I always had a passion of becoming a teacher because, seeing children learning and education them shows me they have the ability to make further progress. I was always determined to go to university so, I will become a teacher and extend my knowledge in child care. When I had attended University of Wolverhampton on the first day it felt very welcoming because, the staff had done activities which allowed everyone within the room to interact and communicate with one another. This was a good idea because, everyone was in the same position we felt nervous and wasn’t very confident at beginning of the day, throughout the day I became confident so I was able to interact with others on the course and have a conversation. When working in groups you get to work with people out of your comfort zone. This allows everyone to share their opinions when I have worked within a group throughout

British Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

British Literature - Essay Example s misogyny has been the focus of various critics in literature as he exhibited unconcealed and deliberate hatred against women, which can be accounted as one of the reasons for which Eve has been manifested as inferior to Adam and expressed in the following lines when Adam asked God: â€Å"O! why did God, Creator wise! That Peopl’d highest Heaven with spirits masculine, create at last, this Novelty on Earth, this fair defect of Nature? And not fill the world at once with men, as Angels without Feminine? (10: 881-89). These thoughts clearly revealed as if Milton had achieved the patent to hold Eve entirely responsible for the sin of disobeying the order of God. The character of Eve was not that of her own as she was created from a part of the body of Adam. Although, women of today can express their righteous anger and resentment towards the portrayal of Eve, it can be said that the social milieu during the time of Milton was responsible for her character being typified as weak when compared to that of Adam to a certain extent. It is true that Milton’s description of the relationship between Adam and Eve succinctly touches the tones of synchronization; however, the coordination is largely based on inequalities between them. The explanations bear clarified testimonies to Milton’s conception of heterosexual love in his times as he has always preferred to mention the society which was essentially patriarchal in nature although his explanations have also remained nebulous in certain instances. Therefore, the sexism or inequality between Adam and Eve is also revealed in his depiction of Eve and her dual crime towards God and Adam (Corns 71-73). There are various instances in Paradise Lost in which the sexist tendencies of Milton are more blatant and compatible with Bible: â€Å"For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, for as much as he is the glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man. For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man. Neither was

Housing crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Housing crisis - Essay Example Eventually, homeowners fell into foreclosure and delinquency. These mortgages failed to yield returns to lenders, making institutions reluctant to re-evaluate their assets that could dispose of their insolvency. Lack of institutions to purchase loans made the market to freeze making lenders to incur losses they could not absorb. The collapse of the housing market has been blamed on many participants such as potential homeowners, lenders, investors, hedge funds and government interference (Smith & Susan 126). Lenders are responsible for the housing bubble in the United States. They were responsible for lending funds to poor credit people with a great risk of default. The flooding of the market with capital liquidity by the central bank lowered the rate of interest and depressed risk premiums while investors sought opportunities that are risky in bolstering their returns for investment. Lenders at this point had adequate capital for lending and were willing to indulge in more risk to e nable their realization of increased investment returns (Fried 11). Government The housing bubble started with the efforts of the government to expand homeownership to people. The legislation enacted by authorities required investors of government-backed mortgages such as Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, to guarantee loans to people with poor or no credit and incapable of making down payments. This policy of the Federal Reserve enabled interest rates to maintain lower levels. This eventually made house investments more attractive. Increase in prices compelled mortgage banks to relax standards of lending further. This made prices for homes to increase until the housing bubble began (Smith & Susan 131). Homeowners Potential homebuyers viewed homeownership as a less risky investment. Incentives provided by lending institutions led to the issuance of subprime loans with varying interest rates to households with no or poor credit histories. With the increased demand for houses, prices rose an d more homes built and availed in the market. They believed in price appreciation that would allow them to refinance at relatively lower rates. However, housing bubble erupted and prices reduced significantly. The rest of their mortgages made most of the homeowners incapable of refinancing their mortgages to lower rates since no equity was created as prices for houses fell. The homeowners decided to set their mortgage interests higher making them unaffordable. Most of them had no alternative than to default on mortgages (Fried 14). Investors are to blame for the collapse of housing market just as homeowners. This is because they invested in collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and were willing to buy them at very low rates over bonds. The lower rates are responsible for the increased demand for subprime loans. Investors bear the blame for the housing bubble since it was their obligation to be diligent while investing and failed to make viable expectations (Fried 23). Banks The len ders increased use of the secondary mortgage market led to increased subprime loans originated by lenders. Instead of holding onto these mortgages in books, lenders sold their mortgages in the secondary market and collected fees that originated from these market. More capital for lending circulated all over eventually increasing liquidity. Demand for mortgages emerged from the availability of assets that accumulated to form securities such as CDOs.

Using Social Psychology as an Informed Clinician Essay

Using Social Psychology as an Informed Clinician - Essay Example For most psychologists who have seen patterns of behaviors, making conclusions regarding their hypotheses may be easy with the knowledge derived from research. Such knowledge may be very helpful to counselors and clinicians in understanding client problems, as these are backed up by intensive study. What is the effect of people on other people? How do various situations affect human behavior? These are questions psychological researchers have attempted to answer in the past decades. Subjects ranged from young children to very old people. Bandura, Ross & Ross (1961) have explored how children respond to aggressive models and have concluded that such models greatly influence children’s aggressive behaviors. In the absence of supervision that may hinder the natural behavior of children, those exposed to aggression apply their observations of aggression to a bobo doll. Clinicians may use this information to inform their clients how powerful their behaviors are in influencing their children’s behavioral and personality development. Aggression is not the only thing that children can imitate from adults. Expressions, mannerisms, behaviors, value systems, and a whole lot more may readily be absorbed by children as much as aggressive behaviors discussed in Bandura et alâ⠂¬â„¢s study. Clinicians involved in the therapy of children can use this information to guide parents to be good role models to their children. Likewise, children exhibiting unlikely adult behaviors may be probed on how adults around them have been influencing their behaviors. Sessions with those adults, then, may be arranged too. Consciously or not, other people’s behaviors have an effect on ours. People subjected to intimidation may readily yield to pressure. The classic experiment of Stanley Milgram (1963) on obedience is one study that has created much controversy in the science of Psychology. The uncomfortable experimental

Assignment Final Paper Topic Essay Example for Free

Assignment Final Paper Topic Essay This work contains GEN 499 Week 3 Assignment Final Paper Topic Thesis Statement and Annotated Bibliography Education General Education Annotated Bibliography Review the Final Research Paper instructions located within the Final Research Paper link. The Final Research Paper is due in Week Five. To help with the preparation of the paper, complete the following and submit it to your instructor for feedback. Topic : Refer to the Final Research Paper guidelines for your topic selection. Confirm your topic, and identify how this selection relates to your academic and professional pursuits. Review the feedback from your topic choice presented in the Week One discussion. How did your argument stand up to the examination of your peers? Thesis : Write a direct and concise thesis statement, which will become the point or perspective you will argue or prove in the Final Research Paper. Refer to the Ashford Online Writing Center for information on how to develop a solid thesis statement. APA Reference Page : For this paper, you will conduct research in peer-reviewed journals or other sources that are considered to have academic information. You will need a minimum of five professional scholarly sources, at least one of which is a multimedia source. For each source, you are responsible for summarizing the source and examining how it will support you in defending your argument. Keep in mind the Academic Research standards for all Ashford University Papers. Academic Research Academic research and papers must meet certain standards of quality recognized by the academic community. What constitutes quality, academic research? Primary sources, which are documents from the time period being discussed Secondary sources supported by research in primary sources Credible sources (experts in the area of study)   Relevant research (materials are p For downloading more course tutorials visit https://bitly.com/1rubFkT If you are returning to college with a kid or more, you might assume that on-campus living is not an option. This is not always true. Alot of colleges provide a place for children to live as well. Colleges and universities have accepted the fact that some students are older and already have families. Be sure to ask early about housing options for families, because it tends to fill up very fast. Education General Education Annotated Bibliography Review the Final Research Paper instructions located within the Final Research Paper link. The Final Research Paper is due in Week Five. To help with the preparation of the paper, complete the following and submit it to your instructor for feedback. Topic : Refer to the Final Research Paper guidelines for your topic selection. Confirm your topic, and identify how this selection relates to your academic and professional pursuits. Review the feedback from your topic choice presented in the Week One discussion. How did your argument stand up to the examination of your peers? Thesis : Write a direct and concise thesis statement, which will become the point or perspective you will argue or prove in the Final Research Paper. Refer to the Ashford Online Writing Center for information on how to develop a solid thesis statement. APA Reference Page : For this paper, you will conduct research in peer-reviewed journals or other sources that are considered to have academic information. You will need a minimum of five professional scholarly sources, at least one of which is a multimedia source. For each source, you are responsible for summarizing the source and examining how it will support you in defending your argument. Keep in mind the Academic Research standards for all Ashford University Papers. Academic Research Academic research and papers must meet certain standards of quality  recognized by the academic community. What constitutes quality, academic research? Primary sources, which are documents from the time period being discussed Secondary sources supported by research in primary sources Credible sources (experts in the area of study) Relevant research (materials are pertinent to the area of study) In graduate work, the use of peer-reviewed journal articles (journal articles reviewed by recognized experts in the relevant field of study) is required.

Internet Privacy :: essays research papers

Internet Privacy: Is the Internet as safe as everyone says? As every generation comes they bring with them a new invention from cars to television to the telephone the basic existence of man, in my eyes, is to advance both technologically, thus making life better for us all and also scientifically. Man wants to know all we want to be able to answer all the questions out there as every day goes by we get closer and closer to answering some of our questions. Everyday new cures for diseases are found and also new diseases are discovered, new discoveries are made in various fields, at the same time however new problems are arising. Man in every era has depended on some form of tool to help him to his tasks whatever they may be, a tool to make things easier. This tool is technology; technology does not have to be the modern thoughts of computers. Technology is "the science of technical processes in a wide, though related field of knowledge." That is the definition given by The New Lexicon Webster's Dictionary of the English Language. So technology can be anything as long as it helps us advance. It can be anything like a plough to help a farmer, a television to help the media and the telephone to help us communicate. The latest technology of the 20th Century is the Internet and it has placed a great mark on our society. It is the new "place to be" where business can advance, people can interact worldwide at the click of a mouse and this has revolutionarily changed the world. In the world of the Internet there are millions of members worldwide and that means it is a very profitable arena. In an area where there is money there are criminals and that is where the modern criminals of the world are behind computer screens. They may be credible individuals in society and they could also be credible corporations and organizations that are finding a quick way to make money and by doing this they are breaking ethical rules of society (even though it is hard to determine the ethics of the internet) and one of these crimes is the violation of the privacy of others. I have logged on to the internet and have felt safe, like anyone should that logs on to the net, that I am the only one viewing my mail or cruising the net, I feel like I am the only one that knows where I have been and that no one is tracking me.

Psychodynamic Counselling Concept Essay

In this essay I mainly discuss the theory and concepts behind psychodynamic counselling, followed by brief discussions of the practice and skills involved in working as a psychodynamic counsellor, and the client’s experience of counselling. Theory/concepts Psychodynamic counselling is mainly concerned with unconscious processes; it takes for granted that humans possess a largely unconscious inner world. Freud argued that while the conscious mind is governed by logic, the unconscious mind is not, and functions in a very literal way, motivated only to experience pleasure, unable to delay gratification. Although Psychodynamic counselling works with the conscious mind, it mainly focuses on unconscious processes. We have key figures in our lives – e.g. parents, carers, and partners – are referred to as ‘objects’, and relationships with them termed ‘object relationships’. The phrase ‘object’ refers to the Freudian concept of the target, or object of the instinct. Object relationships embody not only actual relationships but also the ways that the conscious mind distorts them. The unconscious is viewed as dynamic and purposeful, having huge impact on emotions and behaviour. Psychodynamic theory posits that humans are driven by a need to remain unaware of uncomfortable truths that emerge from the unconscious, experiencing many conflicting needs and demands, e.g. between one’s own wishes and those of others. To deal with conflicts people develop ‘defences’, these include ‘repression’, a form of forgetting, ‘denial’, claiming that something is not upsetting when really it is, and ‘rationalisation’, where a story is created to account for that which feels uncomfortable. ‘Projection’ involves attributing to others characteristics unacceptable to the self, making assumptions about them based on the need to avoid threat. Psychodynamic counselling encourages the client to recognise and accept the troubling attribute, a process called ‘reintrojection’. To engage in projection a defence mechanism called, ‘splitting’, is used when one is finding it too  threatening to accept two opposing traits, such as being capable of both love and hate. It is natural to develop defences, but problems come with their overuse, e.g. using denial so often that problems are not faced. Applying defences too rigidly causes difficulties, and it’s when they start to disintegrate that individuals might seek counselling. Psychodynamic counselling holds that psychological symptoms emerge from the inner world. e.g., developmental problems or conflict may lead to anxiety or self-harm. The psychodynamic approach seeks to address these issues at their roots, as well as alleviating symptoms. Psychodynamic counselling is based on developmental theory, and asserts that childhood experiences affect adult personality. It is understood that episodic memory is physically unavailable to children under three, but that implicit memory and body memory function from an earlier age. Neuroscience now supports the concept that early emotional experiences influence brain development; the psychodynamic approach posits that the client-counsellor relationship is crucial to the process of change. This is considered in terms of three concepts, the first being transference: â€Å"All those impulses experienced by the patient in relation with the analyst which are not newly created by the objective analytic situation but have their source in early – indeed, the very earliest – object relations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The counsellor may become aware of feelings in him/herself indicating issues that the client is unable to express; this is ‘counter transference’. The ‘real relationship’ is that which is free of the previous two dynamics. Within the client-counsellor relationship, elements of the client’s inner world can be revealed and become available for healing (Howard, 2011, p.22-25) Practice/skills Psychodynamic counselling employs a number of basic skills that are common to other approaches. It shares the core values of the Rogerian approach: empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard. The ability to listen is of course crucial. Summarising and reflecting back to the client what s/he has said are necessary skills, as well as being able to say things that the client will find difficult to hear. The following are skills specific to Psychodynamic counselling; Gaining informed consent involves informing the client of the nature, risks and benefits of counselling at the appropriate time; not so soon as to scare him/her away, but in good time. For this purpose it is advisable for the counsellor to be aware of when the assessment phase is concluding, as this is the best time to invite informed consent. The counsellor’s attention to the client is one element that facilitates change. The counsellor must alternate between close listening to the client and attention to how s/he will respond, alert to transference and counter transference. To be aware of both the conscious and unconscious elements of the client’s communication, the counsellor must practice ‘evenly suspended attention’. The counsellor must listen to unconscious communication as well as the explicit information the client is presenting. This includes being able to consider why the client is behaving and speaking as they are, linking this to issues arising in transference, and being able to raise such issues with the client. The counsellor will also make interpretations based on ‘extra transference’ – grasping connections between events, thoughts and behaviour unrelated to the client-counsellor relationship. The client’s experience Initially a client experiences the formal behaviour of the counsellor, sessions have boundaries of time, space, and confidentiality and these factors contribute to a sense of safety and predictability. The client should come to feel ‘held’ by the counselling experience, enabling him/her to feel able to explore painful issues and memories: â€Å"a safe space to lower one’s defences, be vulnerable and be held together.† Receiving a counsellor’s undivided attention contributes to this; Dibs In Search of Self illustrates an emotionally deprived child’s first experiences of undivided and non-judgemental attention, enabling him to blossom in self-discovery. A client goes through a process of developing informed consent, the transference relationship begins once enough trust is established, as it may be experienced as threatening. The client develops an attachment to the counsellor as someone who can help and care for them, and thus may become fearful both of their own needs and of being let down .The ending of the relationship can be painful for the client, and the counsellor should allow plenty of time to deal with issues around this. In conclusion, psychodynamic counselling functions to bring to awareness of the unconscious processes that govern the client’s inner life. A variety of practices are employed in order to supply a client with a sense of security as well as a source of challenge in order to facilitate positive change. References AXLINE, V. M., 1990. Dibs, In Search of Self. London: Penguin FREUD, A., 1937. The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence. London: Hogarth HOWARD, S., 2011. Psychodynamic Counselling in a Nutshell. 2nd edition. London: Sage. HOWE, D., 1993. On Being a Client. London: Sage

Education †school Essay

Education is a topic that has been implemented on our generation more than ever before. However, it is not for the grades, degree or the income that education should be important to us. It is for the sake of learning and developing our character that education should be valued. When people go to school, they receive education and thus become educated, however, these people must keep in mind that a major portion of the world receives no form of formal education. Due to their good fortune, the educated people have responsibilities to the world. The first responsibility of an educated person is to help educate others. This may come in the form of teaching classes, tutoring, helping others or simply correcting errors. When we teach people we spread the value of education and share skills that are essential for survival. Other people are able to think rationally and evolve into a self dependent person through the knowledge they attain. Once people are educated, they are able to prevent others from taking advantage of them or cheating them. Through education, people are also able to use the resources they own efficiently and sparingly. Finally, education allows people from different nationalities and locations to communicate and work together in a beneficial harmony. The second responsibility of an educated person is to aim to advance to a better future. It is through evolution that we have become more intellectual and learned. For this process to be beneficial and continuous, we must use it and upgrade it through our use. In the past, communication was a problematic process, today; we have e-mail accounts, cell phones, chat sites, video chat sites and messengers for instant communication. Presently, global warming and oil depletion are major complications. If we are able to advance and address this problem, we would be using our education beneficially. There would be less violence over oil and the future would be a less worrisome place if global warming was tackled. However, this is just one amongst the billions of changes we could make, all to create a better future. The third responsibility of an educated person is to create or maintain stability and order in the world. Through stability and order, the world  becomes a much safer place where people share respect for each other and live in harmony. When there is order, people are insured of payments for their services. They are motivated to work-hard and use positive, instead of negative means to earn their income. Thus, through stability and order, ethics can also be implemented into people. Thus, the three main responsibilities of an educated person are to educate others, aim for a better future and create as well as maintain stability in the world. Through these goals, the world becomes a positive place and continues to flourish after each generation.